This process is also called warping. • The process of removing seeds from cotton wool is called ginning. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Log in, Concise Mathematics Class 10 ICSE Solutions 2018. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? A brief treatment of yarn follows. The process of twisting the fibres together into yarn is called spinning and it was one of the first processed to be industrialised. That thread which was made of fibres is called yarn. Pinch some cotton between the thumb and forefinger of the other hand. These materials vary in their sizes and texture and form a suitable for knitting, weaving or otherwise intertwining to form textile fabrics. Making of Fabric, Fibre to Fabric, Class 6. 1. The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving. These fibres are converted into yarns to make … Spun yarns can contain a single type of fibre, or you can spin various types of fibre together to give you a blend. The conventional systems for processing staple fibre into spun yarns are those developed for cotton and wool: opening, carding, drawing, combing, roving and spinning. ( most properties in synthetic fibres can be controlled to process them into different types of yarns. In case of staple-fibre yarns, manufacturing technologies including ring, rotor, air-jet spinning and Vortex spinning are explained together with the type of yarn structures obtained from the respective technologies and their end-uses. 1. Natural fibers—cotton, flax, silk, and wool—represent the major fibers available to ancient civilizations. Bobbin is the wooden or plastic reels on which yarn is wound. The fabrics are made from fibres in the following two steps : (i) Fibres are first converted to yarn by the process of spinning. For full treatment, see textile: Production of yarn. It may have existed in Egypt as early as 12,000 B.C. In this process, fibres from a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted. Question 2: Which statement out of the following is incorrect? All these fibres are first converted into yarns to make fabrics. Hold some cotton wool in one hand. Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning. • Handlooms or power looms are used in weaving fabrics. • Opening: This is the basic operation in the spinning of yarn from raw fibres. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. In the process of spinning, fibres from a mass of cotton (or wool, silk, etc.) FIBRES Fibres … The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. Opening is the process of reducing compressed cotton fibres from a bale into smaller-fibre tufts. At spinning mills, cotton fibres are first converted into different types of yarns At fabric mills, yarns are woven or knitted into fabrics At manufacturing factories, fabrics are cut and sewn into … Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. Here, the raw materials that have been harvested and processed are transformed from raw fibers into yarn and threads. 3.1. Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? Answer: The devices on which weaving of fabrics takes place are called looms. A fibre is a fine hair like strand and is the basic unit of textiles from which we make yarns and then the fabric. The strands are twisted to make yarns. technologies, to form and bond polymers, fibres, filaments, yarns or combination sheets into a flexible, porous structure. 4. 39. In spinning, fibre from a mass of cotton or wool are drawn out and twisted. Activity 4 Hold some cotton wool in one hand. The earliest known samples of yarn and fabric of any kind were found near Robenhausen, Switzerland, where bundles of flax fibers and yarns and fragments of plain-weave linen fabric, were estimated to be about 7,000 years old. The yarn was _____to give beautiful colours and then_____to get cotton fabric. Weft is … 6. The yarn was _____to give beautiful colours and then_____to get cotton fabric. Hi, I am going to write the primary properties essential for a fibre to be spun in to a yarn. The process of making fabric or cloth by arranging yarns at right angles to them, is called weaving.The process of making a fabric by interlocking loops of single yarn with knitting needles or machines, is called knitting. This brings the fibres together to form a yam. (a) Use of charkha was popularised by Mahatma Gandhi as a part of the Independence movement (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in Kerala and Punjab (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns (d) Sufi Saint Kabir was a weaver Solution: (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam. • Cotton fibres are made from cotton ball. • A yarns is a continuous strand made up of a number of fibres which are twisted together 19. In the case of synthetic continuous-filament yarns, manufacturing methods including melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning and gel spinning techniques are explained and different forms of continuous-filament yarns are dealt with, such as flat yarns, textured yarns, bi-component yarns and split tape or film yarns. This brings the tiny fibres together to form a long and twisted thread called ‘yarn’. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. One such example is given. Yarns … 2. 36. Solution: (b): In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar, Assam and Andhra Pradesh. Passage - 2 The process of making yam from fibres is called spinning. There are two types of wool yarn that make different fabrics: woolen and worsted. Your email address will not be published. 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN You can try making cotton yar n yourself. ↓ The yarns are then used to make fabrics by weaving and knitting. 3. Important Questions on Fibre to Fabrics. 3.1. (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils (iv) Animal skins and furs (a) (i) … How is it done? There are varieties of textile fibres derived from various natural and man-made sources. This process is known as the spinning of cotton yarns. Yarns are the continuous, strands produced from a short and staple fibres. Particular emphasis is given to various types of fancy yarns, which are described with suitable diagrams and detailed explanations of their manufacturing methods. Figure 5 shows the bonding of nonoven fabric. Yarns are usually converted into fabrics, either by weaving or knitting. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Processing of a Fibre into Fabric. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. The yarn for the production of woolen loden fabrics is characterized by its bulky and soft appearance. are drawn out and twisted. We use these yarns to make fabrics. 3.1. Raw jute fibres are red in colour. Weaving / Knitting / making of non wovens Then the yarn is made into fabric. To make fabric, we have to first convert the cotton fibres into yarns by which of the following process? Answer 2 (b) Question 3. These fibres are converted into yarns to make fabrics (Fig). Spinning is done in the same way as the wicks are made from cotton wool at homes. There are two forms of yarn: one with a low amount of fibers and one with a high amount of fibers. Appropriate yarn structures and manufacturing technologies are selected for required applications and properties. The former, with a number of filaments of around 275, can be converted into a … Flax and jute have fibres on its fruits. (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. Cotton has also been cultivated and used to make fabrics for at least 7,000 years. 2. Fiber is the smallest unit of a fabric. (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. (ii) Fabric is made from yarn by the process of weaving or knitting. (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils fibres. Improve your learning 1. (c) Spinning (iii) Yarns are made from these thin strands (d) Ginning (iv) These are spun from fibres and then used to make fabrics (e) Fibre (v) Process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric (f) Yarn (vi) Process of making yarn from fibres 23. The 2 main processes are weaving and knitting. Similarly , there are many other fibres available to us, which can be used to make cloth and we will learn about these in the next section. Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. Match the terms given in Column I with the statements given in Column II. 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The fleece is sheared from the sheep, scoured, carded, combed and spun into yarn. You can try making cotton yarn yourself. Fibres are first converted into yarn by the process of spinning. After many different colours of finest Australian Merino wool fibres have been blended and carded, ring spinning frames twist them into woolen yarns and into the desired fineness. The fibres of cotton and wool have many folds and uneven surfaces. The jute plant is normally harvested at flowering stage. 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN. Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. Fibres are made from the yarns. Yarns are made from both natural and synthetic fibre, in filament or staple form.Filament is fibre of great length, including the natural fibre silk and the synthetic fibres. 35. (d) Sufi saint Kabir was a weaver. (d) Sufi saint Kabir was a weaver. Spinning can be done both by hands and by machines. The cotton fibres are then converted into rope-like loose strands. Activity 4. Yarns are woven together to make a fabric. So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. Pinch some cotton between the thumb an d forefinger of the other hand. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. They are made from both natural and synthetic fibres. ACTIVITY 10.1 37. Fragments of cotton fabrics have been found by a… The yarn is then woven on a loom to create wool fabric. 38. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. Fabric are made from yarn by two main processes : 1 Weaving 2 Knitting. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. The chapter describes different types of yarns in terms of their structures, properties and applications. Match the terms given in Column I with the statements given in Column II. One such example is given. The fibres are then further separated in a blending machine; this separates different grades of cotton to be blended, processes and spun into yarn. The first step in creating fabric is yarn production. The longer fibres are made into wool for sweaters and the shorter fibres are spun and woven into woollen cloth. These fibres are spun into continuous strands called as yarns, by imparting twist. 81 Science VI Class converted into yarn. In fact, some nonwoven products are subjected to both textile and p aper industry . Detailed definitions and manufacturing principles for different types of yarns are provided. If weaving is used to make the fabric, the warp yarns are assembled onto a beam. How is it done? A bundle of endless stainless steel fibers can be converted to yarns by textile spinning processes. Fabric is … Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. There are three basic steps required for fabric production. Spinning is the process of converting fibres into yarn by twisting the fibre using various machines. 5. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. This is done by spinning the fibers. Textile - Textile - Conversion to yarn: Because filaments, such as silk and the synthetic fibres, have extreme length, they can be made into yarn without the spinning operation necessary for the shorter staple fibres. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. In weaving 2 sets of yarns are interlaced to from the fabric. Cotton fibres are converted into several intermediary products before a cotton-containing end-product is produced. When grouped together in a loose, continuous rope without twist, synthetic filaments are called tow. • Making yarn from fibre is called spinning. Filaments may be loosely twisted together to form yarns of a specified thickness. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-84569-931-4.00008-8. We use these yarns to make fabrics. To be made into fabric, wool undergoes several processes. The fibres best suited for textile weaving typically measure between 1 to 1 3/4 inches long; the first destination for these fibres is the carding machine. Question: What are looms? Question 3. Yarn that make different fabrics: woolen and worsted we use cookies to help provide and enhance our and! Or its licensors or contributors and detailed explanations of their manufacturing methods ( II ) fabric called! And Andhra Pradesh loose strands is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar Assam. Of yarn from raw fibres the continuous, strands produced from a mass of cotton wool... Spinning: the process is known as the spinning of yarn from fibre is called spinning it! 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